THE CURRENT BLOG (ONLINE BOOK) HAS MAINLY SPECULATIVE CHARACTER AND IS INTRODUCING ONLY VERY PARTIALLY NEW QUANTITATIVE FORMULAE OF PHYSICAL PHENOMENA. IT IS MAINLY A CHANGE OF PERCEPTION OF THE PHYSICAL REALITY AS WE KNOW IT, TO ONE THAT HAS ALSO A 2ND MICROSCOPIC LAYER BASED ON THE ANALOGUE OF THE TRIAD OF FREE AND PERMANENT PARTICLES OF PROTON ELECTRON AND NEUTRON BUT ON A SMALLER SCALE AS MICRO-TRIAD OF FREE AND PERMANENT PARTICLES OF MICRO-PROTON MICRO-ELECTRON AND MICRO-NEUTRON (BUT ALSO MACROSCOPIC LAYER) , THAT CURRENTLY WE KNOW PARTIALLY AS FIELDS LIKE GRAVITATIONAL FIELD, ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD OR QUANTUM VACUUM. THE MAIN PROOF OF THE EXISTENCE OF MICRO-PROTON , MICRO-ELECTRON AND MICRO-NEUTRON IS THE FAMOUS IN QUANTUM MECHANICS, 2-SLIT ELECTRON EXPERIMENT WHERE IT IS PHOTOGRAPHED NOT ONLY THE ELECTRON THIS HITS THE PHOTOGRAPHIC PLATE BUT ALSO THE WAVE OF CHARGE BY SUCH MICRO-PARTICLES THAT THE ELECTRON MOTION CREATES. WE LEAVE OPEN THE MANY DIFFERENT WAYS THAT THE MATTER OF PROTONS/NEUTRONS/ELECTRONS CAN COUPLE WITH THE 2ND LAYER MATTER OF MICRO-PROTINS/MICRO-NEUTRONS/MICRO-ELECTRONS IN OTHER WORDS THE GRAVITATIONAL FIELD THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD AND THE "QUANTUM VACUUM".
THE ONLY NEW SPECULATION OF QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION IS THE APPLICATION OF THE WELL KNOWN NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS FOR THIS 2ND MICROSCOPIC FLUID LAYER IN THE ABSENCE OF COUPLING WITH THE VISIBLE MATTER (OF ELECTRONS PROTONS NEUTRONS OR PLANETS ). THEREFORE A QUANTITATIVE FORMULATION WHICH IS OF APPLICATIONS TO A RATHER MACROSCOPIC SCALE E.G. SOLAR SYSTEM SCALE.
THIS WORK DOES THE BEST ONE CAN DO TO DISCOVER THE TRUTH BEHIND THE STANDARD EQUATIONS OF GRAVITATION AND ELECTROMAGNETISM AS FAR AS A 2ND MATERIAL LAYER UNIFICATION IS INTENDED, WHEN NO LABORATORIES EXPERIMENTS AND LARGE GROUPS OF SCIENTISTS WITH WELL FUNDED RESEARCH IS POSSIBLE. THE MAIN 3 CONTRIBUTIONS ARE
1) THE REVEALING OF THE TRUE MEANING OF THE POISSON EQUATION OF NEWTON'S SPHERICAL GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL IN RELATION TO THE POISSON EQUATION OF SPHERICAL HEAT PROPAGATION IS THE KEY SHIFT IN THE CORRECT PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF GRAVITATION WHICH ALLOWS FOR DISCOVERING SOLAR RENEWABLE ENERGY STORED IN IT.
2) THE REVEALING INTERPRETATION OF MAXWELL'S ELECTROMAGNETIC MAGITUTES IN RELATION TO AN IONIZED OR CHANGED 2ND MATERIAL LAYER SUBSTRATUM AND
3) THE PRELIMINARY UNIFYING ROLE OF NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS OF THE SUBSTRATUM MATERIAL FLUID FOR GRAVITATION AND ELECTROMAGNETISM WHICH ALLOWS FOR THE EXISTENCE OF NEW ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPULSION FOR TRANSPORTATIONS.
IT IS ALSO SPECULATED HOW BY CHANGING THE PERCEPTION OF MATERIAL REALITY FROM A SINGLE LAYER (OR FREQUENCY) OF THE STANDARD ABOVE FREE AND PERMANENT TRIAD OF PARTICLES TO AT LEAST A DOUBLE LAYER (OR FREQUENCIES) PHYSICAL REALITY WITH BOTH THE STANDARD TRIAD OF FREE AND PERMANENT PARTICLES BUT ALSO MICRO-TRIAD OF FREE AND PERMANENT PARTICLES WE COULD DO THE NEXT:
A) REFORMULATE EQUATIONS OF GRAVITATION WHICH INCLUDE THOSE OF I. NEWTON AND ARE MORE EXACT AND PHYSICALLY MEANINGFUL AND REALISTIC THAN THOSE OF A. EINSTEIN.
B) REFORMULATE AND PROVE AGAIN THE SPECIAL RELATIVITY FORMULAE AS A KIND OF "LINEARIZED WAVED INERTIA" OF E.G. AN ELECTRON ON THE SUBSTRATUM 2ND LAYER PHYSICAL REALITY, BUT UNDER TOTALLY DIFFERENT AXIOMS THAT DO NOT INVOLVE THAT NOTHING GOES FASTER THAN LIGHT.
C) REFORMULATE NON-LINEAR EQUATIONS FOR THE CLASSICAL ELECTROMAGNETISM WHICH INVOLVE THOUGH MAGNITUDES OF GRAVITATION TOO, FOR LARGE SCALE PHENOMENA E.G. SOLAR SYSTEM SCALE PHENOMENA . THE CLASSICAL ELECTROMAGNETISM IS ONLY THE LINEAR COUPLING OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD WHICH IS MADE FROM THE MICRO-TRIAD OF MICRO-PROTONS MICRO-NEUTRONS AND MICRO-ELECTRONS, WITH THE MATTER OF ELECTRONS/PROTONS/NEUTRONS AND IS ACCEPTABLE APPROXIMATELY CORRECT AT SMALL LABORATORY SCALE.
D) AFTER THE JOIN REFORMULATION OF CLASSICAL GRAVITATION AND CLASSICAL ELECTROMAGNETISM IN THE NEXT DECADES PREDICT THE EXISTENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICES THAT MAY EXTRACT RENEWABLE SOLAR ENERGY STORED IN THE GRAVITATIONAL FIELD (FREE ENERGY). AND THE EXISTENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPULSION FLYING VEHICLES IN VARIOUS SHAPES, INCLUDING DISC-SHAPES, THAT MAY USE THE ABOVE ENERGY FOR FLYING .
E) DERIVE THE SCHRODINGER WAVE MECHANICS OR THE EQUIVALENT HEISENBERG MATRIX MECHANICS FROM A LINEAR COUPLING OF THE SUBSTRATUM LAYER NEUTRAL FLUID OF MICRO-TRIAD OF FREE AND PERMANENT PARTICLES (CALLED ERRONEOUSLY QUANTUM VACUUM) OR GRAVITATIONAL FIELD WITH THE MATTER OF ELECTRONS/PROTONS/NEUTRONS.
IN SUMMARY MORE THAN 80% THE CONTENT OF THE CURRENT WORKS IS TO CHANGE DEEPLY AND IN A PROFOUND WAY OUR QUALITATIVE PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE PHYSICAL REALITY WHICH CAN LEAD IN THE FUTURE DECADES TO A MORE DETAILED UNIFIED QUANTITATIVE APPROACH TO GRAVITATION AND ELECTROMAGNETISM. IN LESS THAN 20% OF THE SPECULATIONS, THE ONLY QUANTITATIVE SET OF FORMULAE (THOSE OF NAVIER-STOKES) THAT ARE INTRODUCED ARE ONLY A PRELIMINARY STEP THAT CAN BE DONE IN RATHER EASIER WAY FOR THIS UNIFICATION, AND HAS APPLICATIONS MAINLY TO LARGER SCALE PHENOMENA E.G. SOLAR SYSTEM SCALE GRAVITATION AND ELECTROMAGNETISM.
Summary and review of the Lancaster Lecture
(Lancaster 3/9/1998.)
By Dr Costas Kyritsis
Department of Electrical
and Computer Engineering
Software Laboratory
National Technical University
of Athens (2002)
and
University of Portsmouth, UK.
(Franchise in Athens)
Faculty of Technology
Department of Computer Science
and Mathematics
Ackowledgments
I want o thank professor G. Athanassoulis , (National Technical University of Athens. http://www.naval.ntua.gr/ ) and professor S. Voutsina (National Technical University of Athens , Aerodynamics ) for the time they have spent with me explaining to me the nature and implications of the Navier Stokes equations and many other interesting aspects of fluids
Preliminary remarks
My decision to proceed with the present research and publish it, was motivated as a defence to real, in my opinion, and external to our known scientific culture, dangers to our civilisation and humanity (1998). It is also devoted to the inductees everywhere in the world.
In the next 70 pages it is tried to describe a part of the physical reality as really is and for which we are blinded by our own theories and systems of equations. It is a positive attitude. But conversely we could focus, as a negative attitude, only on what from our physical theories and assumptions makes us blind about significant parts of physical reality. This is quite easier and it takes not 70 pages but only one paragraph.
Here is a list of past Physics assumptions that I consider that the 21th century and the new millennium physics has already started and will eventually turn all of them false
1) The inertial mass of bodies ( of constant amount of molecular matter) at low speed (non-relativistic) cannot be decreased.
2) All matter starts with protons, neutrons, electrons. In other words, there are not smaller permanent particles (Quantum particles are excluded as they are not permanent)
3) Nothing goes faster than photons
4) All macroscopic electromagnetic interactions are described with the linear equations of Maxwell.
5) All forces acting on laboratory macroscopic objects at low speed (non-relativistic) are of the next 5 types a) Inertial, b) by contact with other material bodies made from protons, neutrons, electrons, c) Newtonian gravitation forces d) Maxwell's electromagnetic forces e) no other type of forces.
1) The inertial mass of bodies ( of constant amount of molecular matter) at low speed (non-relativistic) cannot be decreased.
2) All matter starts with protons, neutrons, electrons. In other words, there are not smaller permanent particles (Quantum particles are excluded as they are not permanent)
3) Nothing goes faster than photons
4) All macroscopic electromagnetic interactions are described with the linear equations of Maxwell.
5) All forces acting on laboratory macroscopic objects at low speed (non-relativistic) are of the next 5 types a) Inertial, b) by contact with other material bodies made from protons, neutrons, electrons, c) Newtonian gravitation forces d) Maxwell's electromagnetic forces e) no other type of forces.
REMARK ABOUT THE USE OF THE TERM "AETHER" IN THE CURRENT BOOK BECAUSE THE TERM AETHER IS KNOWN TO BE DISCREDITED AT LEAST FOR A WHOLE CENTURY, WE NEED TO CLARIFY ITS RELEVANCY TO THE THEORIES OF FIELDS WHICH ARE WELL ACCEPTED.
1) SPECIAL AND GENERAL RELATIVITY ARE NOTHING MORE THAN MODELS OF AETHER FOR INERTIAL MASS, AND FOR THE UNIVERSAL ATTRACTION. ANY MODEL OF AETHER AS CLASSICAL "FIELD" (GRAVITATIONAL OR ELECTROMAGNETIC ETC) THAT DOES NOT GET DEEPLY TO THE INDIVISIBLE FREE AND PERMANENT PARTICLES MATERIAL STRUCTURE OF THE FIELD ITSELF, IS INADEQUATE FOR A FULL MODEL OF AETHER AS WE SHALL SEE. THE INDIVISIBLEs OR PARTICLES OF A FIELD ARE OBVIOUSLY NONE OF THE KNOWN PARTICLES, BUT STILL THEY CAN BE AS SIMPLE AS THE KNOWN TRIADS OF PROTON, NEUTRON ELECTRON ONLY AT RADICALLY SMALLER SIZE.
OTHER CLASSICAL MODELS OF AETHER ARE
2) THE MAXWELL'S ELECTROMAGMETIC FIELD (OR ELECTROMAGNETIZED AETHER AS MAXWELL WAS CALLING IT)
3) THE QUANTUM VACUUM THAT AS SUBSTRATUM GIVES RANDOMNESS TO MOTIONS OF PROTONS, NEUTRONS, ELECTRONS THROUGH THE SCHRODINGER WAVE EQUATION (DEBROGLIE-SCHROENDINGER-DIRAC'S AETHER)
A MODERN SUCCESSFUL UNIFYING THEORY OF "AETHER" AS A GASEOUS FLUID ,OR IN BETTER TERMS 2ND FREQUENCY MATERIAL PHYSICAL REALITY (SEE ALSO POST 6 ) SHOULD BE ABLE TO DERIVE ALL THE ABOVE 20TH CENTURY CONCEPTS OF ""AETHER" IN OTHER WORDS
FROM THE CONCEPT OF 2ND FREQUENCY MATERIAL REALITY AND IN PARTICULAR FROM THE CONCEPT OF GASEOUS FLUID FROM 3 TYPES OF PERMANENT AND FREE PARTICLES (LIKE MICRO-ELECTRON, MICRO-PROTON, MICRO-NEUTRON) WE SHOULD BE ABLE TO DERIVE AS SPECIAL TYPE APPROXIMATIONS UNDER SIMPLIFYING ASSUMPTIONS
1) THE LABORATORY MID-SCALE LINEAR CLASSICAL MAXWELL EQUATIONS OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD (LABRATORY MID-SCALE INTERACTION OF CHARGED MATTER WITH "AETHER" )
2) THE MACROSCOPIC EINSTEINS AND NEWTONS EQUATIONS OF TH GRAVITATIONAL FIELD, AND EINSTEINS EQUATIONS OF SPECIAL RELATIVITY (MACROSCOPIC INTERACTION OF NEUTRAL MATTER WITH "AETHER")
It is often discussed the EPR objection of Einstein to quantum physics that it is not a complete physical theory. In our current research we deal with in the next way
A) The EPR objection of Einstein about the incompleteness of Quantum mechanics has an element of truth, in the sense that if we really beleive that the "quantum vacuum" is really a vacuum, then as v. Neumann remarked, we also abandon the principle of sufficient physical causes for the physical events. In other words we accept forces outside the physical reality that are responsible to the motions of the particles. And in the case of protons, electrons and neutrons, this realm of "outside the physical atomic material reality" may include the electromagnetic and gravitational field that classical physics was not considering as realm outside the physical reality"
B) Nevertheless both Maxwell's electromagnetism and Einsteins special and general relativity and gravitational field are also incomplete in a different sense: They separate the physical material reality to two types of materiality
1) The matter that consists from protons electrons and neutrons
2) The fields in the vacuum that although they have energy and momentum density and mass, are considered as "ghost matter" without and constitution from any type of particles.
Both of these incompleteness cases are resolved by realizing that all the above fields and "quantum vacuum" are in fact instances of the 2nd frequency physical material reality, which also has atomic structure. (See also post 6)
THE USE OF THE TERM "AETHER" IN THE CURRENT RESEARCH IS AS A SUMMARY OF THE WELL ESTABLISHED PHYSICAL THEORIES OF 1) ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD 2) SPECIAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 3) QUANTUM "VACUUM" SUBSTRATUM IN THE SCHROENDINGER WAVE EQUATION.
THE INTENDED UNIFICATION AND DERIVATION OF THE ABOVE FIELDS, IS WHEN WE CONCEIVE "AETHER" AS THE PLASMA STATE OF THE 2ND FREQUENCY MATERIAL REALITY (NOT THE PLASMA OF THE 1ST FREQUENCY MATERIAL REALITY).
The article contains: A combined revision of the Newtonian universal attraction and Maxwell’s Electromagnetised aether. Speculations about propulsion in the new electromagnetism and energy extraction in the new universal attraction. It seems to the author that the ideas of this Lecture are relevant to the Hydrogen Energy model that has been decided by the US Congress, to initiate during 2004 . They estimate that till 2025 almost all car industries shall produce cars using engines compatible with the Hydrogen model. There are of course ways to implement the hydrogen model where the energy to produce hydrogen must be taken again from oil, or natural gas, or nuclear power etc. But some implementations give energy efficiency of remarkable measure compared to traditional engines. An example is the strange energy effects of the “Brown gas” (oxy hydrogen) which is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, directly obtained from water electrolysis. If we do not want to result in to using a kind of "magic" with modern technology that we do not understand rationally it seems reasonable to try to understand physics in a better and ecological way. The author believes that the extra energy that the “Brown gas” (oxyhydrogen) is giving at special types of electrolysis and special types of metal cuts, is subtracted from the potential energy of the gravitational field and the heat of molecular matter.
The original text has been modified in the next aspects:
a) Instead of the use of the word aether we make use in this version, of the word field-gas which sounds less discredited to the ear of the contemporary physicist.
b) The order of the paragraphs have been changed to follow the up-to-applications better order of ,a) inertia, b) new neutral macroscopic interaction (antigravity),c) electromagnetism, d) gravitation. The logical order of the discoveries was nevertheless different. First the new neutral interaction, then gravitation, and then the new electromagnetism. In this version the details of the new equations are not presented directly as, it was in the original version, but only the keys to derive the new equations. The main reasons are, a) luck of time to check again the derivation of the new equations b) To check the field new equations, I should have accessibility to basic laboratory experiments, and accessibility to quantitative measurements of the devices that are proposed as experiments proofs.
c) The author prefers at this time (2002) to give the outline of the lecture
even in the incomplete state of the present available information, with some improvements especially as he noticed that some industries proceed to massive production of generators that extract "free energy". I believe that we should not tend to became "magicians" seeking the result without understanding the causes , but rather tend to be more human with integrated rationalism and maturity about the ecological and social impact.
Hiding discoveries from any experimental direction, or also exclusive private business exploitation, of such new physics, has also serious disadvantages, and one of them is not sufficient publications of the quantitative measurements, the second most important, is not sufficient use of the intelligent recourses of all the academic world, that would guarantee, faster and safer development, and rational integration, in all relevant groups in the societies. Hiding from any direction, destroys, democracy and creates crypto-totalitarian states and dual terrorism, degrades the scientific world and the public, makes the planet's civilisation powerless, and endangered, and creates arrogant and dangerous minorities that seek only blind power, in spite the law or outside the law. It is only the collective societies of the scientists, that can decide what is safe and good for all to discover, and develop, and can give the consensus for working on various directions. What is really to trust is, not practicing research in inappropriate directions, and what should not be trusted is, making research, so as to hide it. It would not be fair to blame nevertheless such military groups or industries without also blaming the inertia of standard academic science, in shorting the gap between them.
My profession did not give me enough time to work on the subject since 1998, nevertheless the hours that I have spent on the subject as a hobby, gave some improvements to the original version. The author's main objective is clear and true conceptions rather, than rushing in to applications. First we must correct existing theories before we advance.
d) The wording of many phrases has been improved and many new phrases have been added. Some new references in to experimental facts and inventors have been added, like B. DePalma, Tewari,
Ed. Gray, Paul Baumann (testatika), Dmitropulos (magnetisation effect), together with a first explanation of the “free energy” electric generators.
e) It has been added the idea that neutral Field-gas is the mixture of at least three partial sub-gases, a positive, a negative and a neutral with simple Coulomb-type only interaction for its particles, as the new simple hypothesis to derive the older Maxwell’s electromagnetism and simultaneously to define the new equations of the non-linear electromagnetism that permits the new electromagnetic propulsion.
This idea was not explicit in the original version of the lecture and it was approximated with the remarks about the “Dirac’s gas” and the “Maxwell’s gas” as different conceptions of aether. (The latter can be of positively or negatively electromagnetised , while the former can only be neutral). Of course these gasses are non-traceable at the particle scale (a lot smaller than protons, neutrons, and electrons and still permanent particles) by Quantum Mechanics.
f) Nevertheless the main ideas and spirit of the lecture remain invariant: Free space to think clearly and truly without mind-traps, about the physical laws of nature, and reassurance of the rational spirit in the human consciousness, for many extraordinary encounters that the planet's civilisation may have. As long as the present physical insights and discoveries are not pushed to the scale of microphysics where Quantum Mechanics formulates physical laws, it seems that they are not dangerous as nuclear power is, while they have their advantages compared to nuclear power. What can really be used in practice is only new mathematical equations for the gravitational, electromagnetic and new neutral gravitodynamic (antigravity) field, with just new and more potentials, that correspond to the new experimental discoveries. The insights of the material layers are to be used as heuristics, and remain at the philosophical level and classical macroscopic scale, rather, than be used at the scale of Quantum Mechanics.
The author’ method to discover the necessary plot of concepts, definitions , arguments and proofs of the present new physics , was much alike (I assume) that of ancient Greek thinkers like Democritus and Lefcipus that though of the atomic structure of nature, centuries before it was discovered experimentally . In other words with thought simulations, and under the assumption that all the necessary tools to explain the new discoveries are there in the older or modern books (in my case in books of fluid dynamics). We only need to free our minds from the redundant details, buzzard conceptions or mysteries, and try as true the most probable scenario given the experimental data, assuming that there is an inner logic, consistency, and simplicity behind the observable phenomena of nature, that is after all the logic with which ourselves are made of. It took me at least 2 years (1996-1998) to contemplate with alternative scenarios before I chose the most consistent and plausible in discovering the possibilities of new electromagnetic propulsion and the mechanism of gravitation (or of universal attraction, a better term that Newton introduced). It took me one more year (1998-1999) to figure out where the “free energy” comes from and 3 more years to understand, partly, the social and ecological issues related to these new discoveries. My only contact with experiments during that time was through the limited information available in the Internet. Obviously many details should be added after sufficient experimental work by trained engineers. My role remains in the consistent, plausible clear creations of the necessary concepts that should be a natural continuation of the many centuriesevolutions in the science of physics in the societies.
g) The present text cannot be, but an outline as each of the interactions. A full description would require at least a separate paper for each interaction, and compared to other works in physics a full deployment of the equations, upon published experimental measurements, would require probably separateNobel prices for each of the three suggested interaction. With this I just want to indicate that the present work should correspond to work carried out not only by one person or a small group, but rather by many research groups in many different countries and Universities. The author gave this lecture, and it was one of two only lectures at the Lancaster conference. The second lecture was byprofessor S. Dimitriou.
h) The conference where the lecture took place ,created his own site athttp://www.greenglow.co.uk/lecture1.html This project was the English counterpart of the American Breakthrough propulsion physics of NASA at http://www.lerc.nasa.gov/www/bpp/. The author’s interest is nevertheless mainly theoretical , conceptual and epistemological, for the continuity of the evolution of ideas in the sciences, and I hope for the interest of the wider area of all scientific communities in all societies. The more the publicity and involvement of the totality of scientificcommunities , the safer and the better the developments and the quality of the results. The Greenglow project had the next seemingly outrageous objectives from the point of view of stanradacademic science: 1) Invent new propulsion for flying 2) Produce while flying the necessary fuels or not using fuels at all 3) Ability to go faster than light.
i) As sufficient quantitative results of the new experiments are not available to the author, he can only speculate, indicate directions of research and suggest ways to derive appropriate system of equations for future researchers and experimentalists. He cannot verify completely the suggested field equations. If nevertheless experiments verify the suggested physics , then they should be accepted as true.
(Remark about Internet pages links: Since many Internet links after some years close or change, the reader is advised to make a search by one of the standard search engines in the Internet with the key words of the reference)
A new combined revision of the Newtonian universal attraction and Maxwell’s Electromagnetised aether.
Speculations about propulsion in the new electromagnetism and new renewable energy extraction in the new universal attraction.
By Dr Costas Kyritsis
Department of Electrical
and Computer Engineering
Software Laboratory
National Technical University
of Athens (1998)
0. Emerging new discovered effects and inventions
The are some new experiments and discoveries from the last half of the 20th century till the preset time that have remain relatively unknown before the emergence of the Internet. These experimental facts go beyond some of the conventional theories of physics like Maxwell’s electromagnetism, and Einstein’s gravitation etc. They have nevertheless common properties and hidden logic, that permits a common theoretical treatment suggested in the present paper. There is also some information that N. Tesla at the beginning of the 20th century had already discovered a relevant experimental effect on the Faradays homopolar generator, that he did not published as he could not explain it, but he recorded it in his private communication. There is also some information that similar discoveries and inventions were known to some German inventors from the first half of the 20th century , for which nevertheless I have not exact information. It seems that the required modifications in well established theories of physics are much more profound that it might seem at the beginning.
The present paper is dedicated to the advancement of the physical thought, so as to be able to deal with such experimental facts without seeing them as “mysteries” or “scientific fictions” etc and preserve the rationalism in the evolution of ideas in the sciences. The main applications of these discoveries
a) Support a dream of radical new , faster and silent transportation model (by new electromagnetic propulsion),
b) and support a dream of a new energy model abundant for all nations (by extraction of energy from the gravitational field through the electromagnetic field), of lower engineering profile and more safe than nuclear energy. Of course, as any new technology, it requires from the societies to be careful and ecological and social mature in using them otherwise we may result in to worse climate and ecological problems than what the increase of CO2 has created for all the planet.
We classify these experimental facts in to the next categories
Class 0 Drag-volume pressures between the field-gas
(hitherto considered as "vacuum") and moving bodies. The most characteristic such experiments are
a) The Aspden’s gyroscope effect (see references) which has been also verified by experiments by the British Aerospace, as Dr Evans has reported to us. Dr Aspden, whom I met at the University of Portsmouth, (see references) and many other researchers, call this new dynamic effect “antigravity”.
The experiment can be described shortly as follows. It is a star from horizontal cylinders, that when it is rotated around a vertical axis, the cylinders rotate also. According to classical aerodynamics the Magnus effect of air pressure applies a force in opposite direction of the gravitational acceleration and lifts the rotating cylinders. What is the surprising nevertheless is that a similar but weaker lifting force is observed and measured, even when the rotation is carried out in absolute air vacuum! By repeated experiments has been measured and published the experimental relation F=2*10-5Mωr (gr*cm)/sec^2 for the lifting force. Where F is the lifting force, M is the mass of the gyroscope, ω is the angular velocity in radians per second, and r is the average radius of the gyroscope.
b) The DePlalma’s gyro drop experiment (see references)
In this experiment a spinning gyroscope with axis parallel to the gravitational attraction, closed inside a metal box, that can be of air vacuum, is let to fall. The measured acceleration is significantly different when the gyroscope is rotating or not! For some quantitative measurements see references.
Class 1: "Free energy" extraction through the electromagnetic field
In this category there are plenty of discoveries. It is even reported that N. Tesla, studying the homopolar generator of Faraday, discovered that it can give more electric energy than the energy given to it to rotate.
a) There is the Swiss generator called testatika, invented by Paul Baumann, that for at least 25 years gives “free electricity” for 200 Christian monks at the area of Methernitha in Switzerland. The generator is a variation of the homopolar Wimhurst electrostatic machine and is of relatively simple construction. It gives a power that ranges from 300 w to 10 kw of continuous current of 10-14 ampere, according to the geometric size, with a slow rotation of approximately 30 rotations per minute. The generator consists of two rotating discs in opposite direction. The centrifugal force acting on the electrons of radial pieces from alumina magnetizes the discs. The inventors do not give any explanation for the source of this energy.
b) There is the J. Searl motor (see references). It is a more advanced generator, with rotating magnets. It resembles a quite tall roller bearing, that for rollers it has magnet bars of diameter (originally) 70 cm. It gives a “free power” of approximately 180 watt per kilogram. The motor shows also an electromagneticpropulsion of explosive growth that lifts it on the air. The inventor suggests that the gravitational field iseffected by the rotation of the motor.
c) There is the invention of Ed. Gray, (see references) that extracted “free energy” from the discharge of electric current in space. He even used it to move an electric car without using any other energy source. Their technique is called by P. Lindenmann “cold electricity”
d) There is the DePlama’s generator (see references) that is much more difficult to construct than testatika. It rotates fast at more than 3,000 rotations per minute, and the magnets that are rotated are rotated in the same direction and not, as in testatika in opposite direction. Again it gives more electric energy than it takes. The inventor does not give any explanation for the source of energy that attributes to “space”. The inventor has published an experimental relation at his generator that goes like this:
Voltage(in Volts)=10-8V(tangential velocity in cm/sec)B(magnetic field in Gauss)L(distance of magnets and current collectors in cm)
The voltage refers to the voltage of the collected output current, the velocity on the tangential velocity of the rotating magnets, and the distance on the axial distance between the magnets (there are two of them).
e) There is the Tewari’s generator (see references) which was a friend of DePalma, and is a variation of the DePalma generator, where instead of magnets are used electromagnets. The inventor does not give any explanation for the source of energy that attributes to “space”.
f) There is the “free energy” motor of L. Szabo, (I have some advertising material, under the name EMB from ΅energy by motion΅ see references) that resembles that of DePalma’s generator. It is been reported that they have proceeded in massive productions of the generator in an industry in Hungary, financed by Canadian capitals. The inventors do not mention any standard academic explanation for the source of this energy and they call it “Energy-by-motion, EBM” but they have developed large scale production units from 3 to 50 megawatts or maybe more. From a point of view this was the reason that I decided to proceed faster with the publication of this paper at its present form, so as to shorten the gap between standard academic science and industrial commercial production.
g) There is the technique of V. Dimitropoulos (see references) that extracts “free energy” of less than 100 watt, at the magnetization phenomenon (with magnetic hysterisis) in reading a magnetic tape.
h) (Remark added 2005) There are at least 10 different magnetic generators of different design but as we think based on the same physical principles discussed in this paper (see e.g.http://jnaudin.free.fr/html/qedynmnu.htm)
It is a miniature setting of the Tesla towers.
In the link and pdf below, professor Konstantin Meyl describes in detail simple experimental setting of miniature Tesla towers in University laboratory, so as to measure beyond doubt the free-energy. He also proves the existence of scalar (non-vector or non-Herz) ) waves of the electromagnetised aether (probably of displacement current too) . In neutral aether, such waves would be the aether sound compression waves (travelling of course at the speed of light).
(as a pdf file it can be downloaded from here https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/107295772/ScalarWaveTechnology-Experimental-Kit2003.pdf )
The scalar waves, that Dr Konstantine Meyl measures withe miniature Tesla towwers in his experimental kit, are most probably , the scalar waves of the presure of electromagnetised aether , or equivalently, the scalar waves of the scalar electromagnetic potential.
The scalar waves, that Dr Konstantine Meyl measures withe miniature Tesla towwers in his experimental kit, are most probably , the scalar waves of the presure of electromagnetised aether , or equivalently, the scalar waves of the scalar electromagnetic potential.
Class 3:Non-predictable by Maxwell's equations electromagnetic propulsion (momentum exchange of the electromagnetic field with charged and magnetized bodies)
The most characteristic, is the propulsion shown by the J Searl’s motor. (Remark added 2005) Another example is the lifting devices of asymmetric capacitors based on the Biefield-Brown effect discovered in 1928 without moving parts see e.g http://jnaudin.free.fr/lifters/main.htm There are more than 300 inventors who have repeated this experiments and device in many variations in all continents (Europe, America, Africa, Asia, Australia ).
Class 4: Changes of the earth's gravitational acceleration around bodies of temperature close to absolutezero.
The only experiment known to me of this kind, is that of E. Podkletnov (see references e.g.http://www.rbbi.com/folders/tech/basic/gravity.htm).
Class 5: Other. There are many more without doubt in the Internet, that might not be classified in the above categories and can be explained nevertheless by the suggested concepts about the fields in the present paper. Their number increases as time goes on. There is of course a percentage of them that are not genuine new discoveries and can be easily explained by the existing equations of Maxwell and other classical physics. A Pareto rule may very well hold: More than 80% of the (so called overunity devices) maybe false or tricked, and less than 20% original and true. But for this minority that are genuine new discoveries asking for explanation and advancement of physics at the right direction, it is worth publishing this paper. A search in the Internet with the above key words in the standard search engines will bring in your computer screen plenty many of them.
We must remark that most of the inventors although they have published many constructive details of their inventions, they have not published very elaborate quantitative measurements with a purely scientific orientation. Maybe it was their isolation their troubles, or the rushing in to business, but the result was that their measurements did not end in publications in standard experimental Journals, and it is therefore difficult for researchers of fundamental physics to deduce detailed deductions in some details..
Motivated from the existence of such remarkable inventions and experimental results, we proceed in to theoretical advancement and analysis of the classical electromagnetism, gravitation etc.
The author is not in favor of fast massive applications of the possibilities that open with the new physics from any direction in the societies (including military groups), before the wider groups of scientists, have worked out and elaborated in sufficient quality and reliability the mathematical and physical details of the new physics. First we must know how to think and account about such newly discovered phenomena, with continuity of sufficient historical depth but also with innovation ,in respect to the evolution of ideas in physics, before we are to know how to get useful results. I am in favor of discovering only what we can apply openly for the good of all, versus applying what ever we can discover.
